Diterminan Profitabilitas Bank Milik Pemerintah (BUMN) dan Bank Pembangunan Daerah Di Indonesia

Ardi Paminto

Abstract


Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas Bank BUMN dan Bank Pembangunan Daerah (Bank BPD) di Indonesia. Analisis ini menggunakan  data deret waktu triwulanan tahun 2012-2022.

Hasil penelitian dengan obyek bank skala besar (Bank BUMN), menunjukkan bahwa Efisiensi bank (OEOI) mempunyai pengaruh  yang signifikan terhadap Profitabilitas (ROA). Pengaruh Net Interest Margin (NIM) terhadap ROA tidak signifikan. Temuan di bank skala kecil (Bank BPD), OEOI dan NIM mempunyai pengaruh  yang signifikan terhadap ROA.

Pengaruh faktor eksternal terhadap ROA di Bank BUMN, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi (PE) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA, dan setelah dimediasi  OEOI, pengaruhnya juga signifikan dan lebih kuat dibanding pengaruh langsungnya, sedangkan dimediasi NIM tidak signifikan. Pada Bank BPD, pengaruh PE terhadap ROA tidak signifikan, tetapi setelah dimediasi  OEOI atau NIM menjadi signifikan. Pengaruh Inflasi (INF) terhadap ROA, di Bank BUMN maupun di Bank BPD tidak signifikan, tetapi setelah dimediasi OEOI menjadi signifikan. Tingkat bunga (SBI) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA pada Bank BUMN maupun Bank BPD. Khusus pada Bank BPD, variabel NIM dapat memediasi pengaruh SBI terhadap ROA.  


Keywords


Profitabilitas, Efisiensi, Net Interest Margin, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Inflasi, dan Tingkat Bunga

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30872/jinv.v20i1.14311

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