Dampak sampingan program bantuan tunai: Bukti dari data randomized control trial di Indonesia

Efi Yuliani

Abstract


Tujuan utama dari pemberian program bantuan tunai adalah untuk meningkatkan outcome kesehatan dan pendidikan sebagai indikator pembangunan manusia yang mendasar. Namun, tidak menutup kemungkinan bahwa pemberian bantuan tunai tersebut memiliki dampak sampingan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak program bantuan tunai terhadap akumulasi aset tahan lama rumah tangga. Studi ini memanfaatkan data randomized control trial dari desain eksperimental program bantuan tunai Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Indonesia. Adapun jangka waktu dari evaluasi dampak dalam studi ini yakni setelah enam tahun implementasi. Data baseline diperoleh dari Survei Evaluasi Dampak Program PNPM Generasi 2007, sedangkan data follow-up diperoleh dari Survei Pelayanan Kesehatan dan Pendidikan 2013. Dengan menggunakan estimasi dampak intention-to-treat (ITT), diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa program bantuan tunai PKH tidak terbukti secara statistik memiliki dampak terhadap akumulasi aset tahan lama yang dilihat dari kepemilikan televisi, kulkas, dan HP. Hasil studi ini sekaligus memberikan jawaban atas kekhawatiran penggunaan bantuan tunai yang rentan untuk disalahgunakan oleh rumah tangga meskipun diberikan dengan kondisi atau syarat tertentu.


Keywords


Aset tahan lama; bantuan tunai; randomized control trial

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30872/jfor.v24i1.10698

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